How 三体 (Sān Tǐ) Changed Me

At first, I thought this was just going to be another hard sci-fi brain dump dressed up as a novel, and to be fair… it kind of was. The prose clunks, the pacing stumbles, and every time things get exciting, the narrative says “let’s take a little detour to 1967.” But somewhere between the executions, the video game history lessons, and the aliens ghosting us for over a decade, something clicked. This wasn’t just about alien contact—it was about how we collapse under the weight of our own contradictions. The book made me reflect on how trauma, ideology, and the illusion of progress shape people—entire civilizations, even. It made me less sure that first contact is something we should want. It made me more sure that even if the universe is dark, we might still be the scariest thing in it. Hopelessness can look rational.

The idea that religious belief thrives in the mystery, in the unsolvable, and that the not-knowing is the point… that stuck with me. Whether it’s faith in divinity or in technology, we’re just trying to fill the silence with something that makes the chaos feel less random. Science might be our best shot at understanding the universe, but when the abyss stares back too hard, we’ll build temples to anything—even the things coming to wipe us out.

Also reminded me that physics is sexy, but history is terrifying.

eli5.txt

> girl watches her dad get clapped by a teenage cult for being smart
> grows up thinking humans are mid at best
> gets sent to alien-radio military base aka “Red Coast”
> sends DM to aliens like “wyd?”
> aliens reply “bet, on our way”
> proceeds to take 400 years to arrive > meanwhile, cult forms to simp for aliens and cancel humanity
> meanwhile, aliens install omnipresent micro-God to ruin vibes
> calls us bugs (in a motivational way)
> humanity.exe slowly begins to crash

Notes

🔖 Page 197

I’m not sure how it happened, but I’m already halfway through the book. I guess when a story is this engaging, you just can’t stop reading. What’s even more surprising is that I already know how this first installment will unfold since I watched the first season of the Netflix series. I expected to lose interest at some point, but I’m glad to say that hasn’t been the case.

The story grips you from the very beginning with its depiction of the Chinese Cultural Revolution. Speaking of which—holy shit—that was horrendous. I remember briefly studying it in high school, but the details have faded, especially since Western education doesn’t focus much on Eastern societies. I can’t say to what extent this is a faithful snapshot of what happened in China in the 1960s, because the author seems to blur the line between reality and whatever the hell his mind conjures up. To be honest, this kind of literary work requires a great deal of self-awareness. It’s commendable, to say the least.

That said, it’s fascinating to see how social movements, at their core, behave the same way no matter where in the world you are. I can absolutely imagine the public execution of professors at the hands of self-entitled revolutionary students in today’s universities. Given the right incentives and contextual motives, murder wouldn’t just be understandable—it would be justifiable. This hypocrisy and contradiction, driven by humanity’s collective cognitive dissonance, are laid out throughout the book. And it’s not just the immature and reckless youth—the author also seems to express a certain distaste for our primal cognition through the scenes inside the video game Three Body, which serves as both a metaphor and an explanation of the world of Earth’s future invaders.

This in-game storytelling is probably one of my favorite narrative devices in the book, even if it feels slightly offbeat compared to the overarching mystery of high-ranking scientists dying by apparent suicides. It’s amusing to think that even Galileo Galilei might have burned someone at the stake for their ideas—again, given the right incentives and context. I also loved how, in the particular section where the player (whom I’d consider the main character for now, though I know this book doesn’t really follow that structure) finally discovers the solution to the Stable-Chaotic Eras dynamic in Three Body, the only historical figure who doesn’t immediately doubt Wang (as Copernicus) is Leonardo da Vinci. That makes me wonder—why did the author make that choice? Given the impression I’m getting of him, he probably has a deep admiration for Leonardo, as many prolific and multidisciplinary thinkers do. And rightfully so—Leo is undeniably one of the top five GOATs.

Now, things are about to start boiling. Until now, the tension has been steadily rising, but with the Three-Body Problem solution on the horizon and the Red Coast Project explanation unfolded, I think the inevitable “It’s aliens!” moment is coming before Part III begins. The book has been oscillating between an overwhelming dread—caused by this unexplainable mystery—and a breath of fresh air whenever another piece of the puzzle falls into place. So far, there’s still a glimmer of hope for humanity, but I can’t shake the feeling that things are about to get much, much, much darker. As the character about to solve the Three-Body Problem said:

In reality, I'm not so detached. I haven't been able to sleep the last few nights. Every morning when I see the sunrise, it feels like sunset.

- Wei, 三体 (Sān Tǐ) (Pg. 197)

This particular character gives me strong Mersault from L’Étranger and 人間失格 (Ningen Shikkaku) vibes, especially in the way he reflects on his own life. His recollection would actually make a great excerpt to test as a pilot for the Diegetic Tapes project, by the way.

I’m an indolent man without any sense of purpose.

Shout out L’Étranger

I also love how the author integrates Chaos Theory into this book. This might be one of the most creative sci-fi showcases of the Butterfly Effect I’ve ever seen, because all of it circles back to the Chinese revolution, as if to say that revolutions suck. Well played, Cixin Liu.

🔖 Page 472

Finished it. It was really hard to put down after the operation at the Second Red Coast Base. I’ve got a few general thoughts, but I’ll start with the differences from the series that stood out to me.

I actually liked the changes they made in the show, especially in the episode based on the chapter “The Sophon.” In the book, that chapter’s a huge info-dump — kind of like that one page in Neuromancer whereCase deduces the entire plot. The series reworks this nicely. Having Wang reimagined as multiple interconnected characters gave the narrative a more emotional core. And honestly, that’s something hard sci-fi often lacks — it tends to prioritize concepts over characters. The adaptation brings a more human dimension to the story, which I appreciated.

This saga does not really have a main character, but the strongest contender for this position would be Ye, she is the one that sets everything in motion. She is an interesting character for sure that is worth a deep dive into her psych itself.

She watched her father being executed for the most senseless reason, while a crowd cheered his death. That moment is the root of her deep distaste for human society—and it’s what fuels her self-destructive actions later in the book.

and the thoughts she could not voice dissolved into her blood, where they would stay with her for the rest of her life.

Her entire life was defined by this one traumatic event, despite it being completely out of her control. She became a political prisoner solely because of her family’s status in the former Chinese social hierarchy. Although her intellect earned her slightly better treatment than others in the Red Base, her life still had no real meaning or outlook. That place was all she had.

The sun had already set. The Greater Khingan Mountains were gray and indistinct, just like Ye’s life. In this gray life, a dream appeared especially colorful and bright. But one always awoke from a dream, just like the sun—which, though it would rise again, brought no fresh hope. In that moment Ye saw the rest of her life suffused with an endless grayness. With tears in her eyes, she smiled again, and continued to chew the cold mantou.

In that environment, the only thing that gave her a sense of purpose was working on the antenna. And so, she threw herself into it. But ultimately, it wasn’t enough. Was it selfish of her to betray humanity, given her circumstances? I think so. But at the same time, I don’t believe any argument could have changed her mind. Both her work and her lived experience conditioned her to see the world—and human nature—in a particular, deeply pessimistic way.

It has a profound influence on the researcher’s perspective on life.”

If there had been a trial, she would likely have been condemned to death. The more pressing question is whether her actions could have been prevented. Her hatred toward humanity may have been inevitable, but the desperate decision to answer back the alien civilization might not have been. That’s the crux of it: we don’t always choose how we feel about what happens to us, but we do choose how we act in response.

What drives this idea home is what happens next. The alien civilization wouldn’t even respond for another—what, eight years? Sixteen? I don’t recall exactly. But it was long enough that the Chinese Cultural Revolution moved past its most violent and immature phase. During this time, Ye began to question whether what she had done—the most consequential act in human history—had even really happened.

It was such an important thing, and yet she had done it all by herself. This gave her a sense of unreality. As time passed, that sense grew ever stronger. What had happened resembled an illusion, a dream. Could the sun really amplify radio signals? Did she really use it as an antenna to send a message about human civilization into the universe? Did she really receive a message from the stars? Did that blood-hued morning, when she had betrayed the entire human race, really happen? And those murders

Solepsism!!!!!!!!

It is hard to say that she’s a monster. She doesn’t act out of hatred for its own sake. She acts because she genuinely believes that human civilization is beyond saving—that if another species can take our place, maybe that’s for the best. And that’s what makes her so unsettling: her betrayal isn’t impulsive or fanatical. It’s calm. It’s reasoned. It’s tragic. She is both a product and an agent of destruction.

In psychological terms, you could argue she experiences existential despair morphing into radicalized misanthropy. She seeks meaning, fails to find it among people, and ultimately constructs her own through a kind of cosmic utilitarianism: sacrificing humanity in hopes that something better might grow in its place.

I thought that life was truly an accident among accidents in the universe. The universe was an empty palace, and humankind the only ant in the entire palace. This kind of thinking infused the second half of my life with a conflicted mentality: Sometimes I thought life was precious, and everything was so important; but other times I thought humans were insignificant, and nothing was worthwhile. Anyway, my life passed day after day accompanied by this strange feeling, and before I knew it, I was old.…”

Some choices feel inevitable in the moment. But with time and distance, we gain perspective. If only we had that foresight while in the midst of crisis. Maybe then, things would be different. Maybe better.

And perhaps that’s why purpose in life isn’t about reaching a particular outcome—whether immediately or eventually—but about choosing something to pursue consistently throughout our existence.

She had once been an idealist who needed to give all her talent to a great goal, but now she realized that all that she had done was meaningless, and the future could not have any meaningful pursuits, either. As this mental state persisted, she gradually felt more and more alienated from the world. She didn’t belong. The sense of wandering in the spiritual wilderness tormented her. After she made a home with Yang, her soul became homeless.

I get it but the solution lies within the pursuit, the purpose is having nothing and striving for something.

I gotta say, my favorite character by far is the detective/policeman Shi Qiang, aka Da Shi. There’s something incredibly compelling about his cynical, no-nonsense demeanor. Even in the face of certain death and an impending alien invasion, he remains unbreakable. That final moment — the “bugs don’t go extinct” pep talk — was based as hell. We may be underdeveloped, but we’re stubborn as cockroaches.

To me, he, Wei Cheng, and Ye Wenjie are the most memorable characters in the story. The show toned down some of his acerbic lines, but the essence of his character is still there, and it hits hard.

From the perspective of a more advanced civilization in the universe, bonfires and computers and nanomaterials are not fundamentally different. They all belong to the same level. That’s also why they still think of humans as mere bugs.

Speaking of Wei — he’s entirely absent from the series! I think they partially merged him into the genius physicist who later becomes a Wallfacer (a concept that, I guess, will be explored in future installments). A strange choice, since his character brings a lot of thematic depth. But it does fit the changes they made to the ETO.

The series really scrambles the timeline, pulling elements from across the entire trilogy. We get plot points that don’t even appear in The Three-Body Problem — like the guy whose brain becomes a space probe or the Trisolarans’ hive-mind and inability to lie.

That means I got spoiled a bit. I mean, the book hints that Trisolarans are overly literal and unable to deceive, but it’s not canonized in the first book.

“They think so little of us that they don’t even bother to disguise their plans for us, telling the Adventists everything.

Oh they told shit because they can’t lie. Where is this? The series showed this so early on, tho.

Throughout the book, I kept wondering how the Trisolarans evolved to be so intelligent so fast. Apparently, they live for around 75–80 Earth years, like us, and reproduce through a process I’ll call “fusion.” There’s probably a proper biological term for it, but in essence, they split into multiple new individuals, passing on fragments of memory.

The life expectancy of Trisolarans ranged between seven hundred to eight hundred thousand Trisolaran hours.

When that happened, the organic material making up their bodies would meld into one. Then this body would divide into three to five tiny new lives: their children. They would inherit some of the memories of their parents, continue their lives, and begin the cycle of life anew.

Oh so this is how they maanage to spread knowledge so rapidly

This helps solve their demographic problems — well, aside from their planet’s chaotic orbits wiping out their civilization every so often. Their physiology and culture have adapted to survive this, even regulating emotions to focus entirely on planetary escape.

Such emotions caused the individual and society to be weak spiritually and did not help with survival in the harsh environment of this world. The mental states that Trisolarans needed were calmness and numbness.

The series really leans into the hive-mind concept, portraying them as ultra-rational beings. It’s different from the book, where the reason they want to destroy us is more straightforward. In the series, it’s because we can lie and they can’t. In the book? It’s more: “You’re a threat, so goodbye.”

We cannot share the Earth with the people of that world. We could only destroy Earth civilization and completely take over that solar system.… Am I right?” “Yes. But there is another reason for destroying Earth civilization. They’re also a warlike race. Very dangerous. If we try to coexist with them on the same planet, they will shortly learn our technology.

One major shortcoming in both the book and the series is the lack of exploration of the ETO’s internal factions. It’s such a missed opportunity — political intrigue is just as juicy as alien invasions.

That said, the book does a better job. The series shrugs it off like, “eh, not important right now.” But the factions (Adventists, Redemptionists, and Survivors) mirror the ideological chaos at the beginning of the book during the Chinese Cultural Revolution.

The ETO members’ alienation developed variously from the faults of human civilization itself, the yearning and adoration for a more advanced civilization, and the strong desire for one’s descendants to survive that final war. These three powerful motives propelled the ETO movement to develop rapidly.

Alien contact becomes just another symbol of our fractured, conflicting agendas — personal and political.

Back then, I thought I was witnessing history. But now that seems so insignificant. (...) I’ve been thinking: Suppose two thousand years ago, or even earlier, humanity learned that an alien invasion fleet would arrive a few thousand years later. What would human civilization be like now? Professor, can you imagine

TO be very hobest. Igoot to disagree. I thibk we woujld still have the same bulshujt as usual mayhbe more coalesed

I disagree with the romanticized idea that alien contact would unify humanity. Maybe briefly. But let’s be real: just like we forget our impending death, we’d forget the impending death of civilization in 400 years and go back to our gimmicks.

ETO members embody this quiet misanthropy, often stemming from our environmental destruction. Are humans bad for the environment? Sure. But is that enough to justify extinction? No. We’re nature too — just a destructive extension of it.

To achieve moral awakening required a force outside the human race.

“I’ve lost hope in the human race after what I’ve seen in recent years. Human society is incapable of self-improvement, and we need the intervention of an outside force.”

See misantropy at its finest

We act like alien invaders on Earth, but maybe we’re just flawed. And in that flaw, there’s potential. Unlike beavers, who instinctively wreck trees, we can calculate, reflect, and prevent damage. The problem is the incentives: society rewards greed and short-term gains.

Cultural beliefs — like religion — sometimes act as moral buffers. They know how to reinforce values. But they rely on something crucial: mystery.

because solving the three-body problem had become a religious ritual of their faith.

Only insolvable problems can become religions

Only insoluble mysteries become religious. That’s why the idea of God persists — it’s unprovable, and that’s the point. If you prove God exists, the dynamic shifts entirely. That tension between the known and unknown is deeply present in the book.

Desperation turned me from a pacifist into an extremist.

At one point, the desperation for meaning is so strong that the Trisolarans themselves are deified. There’s this hilariously tragic moment when an ETO member prays to a (non-existent) god to help her (real) god — the aliens. It’s absurd. And that absurdity is the point.

Mysticism is our coping mechanism for chaos. Science, the book argues, is the best system for dealing with the unknown. But if madness gains enough momentum, it hijacks even science. That’s when rationality breaks down.

In the face of madness, rationality was powerless.

This is clearest at the beginning of the book — the humiliation sessions led by revolutionary youth. They deny everything: science, religion, reason. Their stance is so extreme it’s unintelligible. No wonder they meet the end they do.

“While we were down in the countryside, sometimes, on a trail across the barren hill, I’d bump into another Red Guard comrade or an enemy. We’d look at each other: the same ragged clothes, the same dirt and cow shit covering us. We had nothing to say to each other.”

The child asks the adult, ‘Are they heroes?’ The adult says no. The child asks, ‘Are they enemies?’ The adult again says no. The child asks, ‘Then who are they?’ The adult says, ‘History.’”

It raises a tough question: how do you create a social movement that doesn’t self-destruct? Violence as a means is dangerous precisely because it creates a positive feedback loop. “I destroy because they destroy.” Logic becomes irrelevant. It’s just reaction, not action.

And if philosophy isn’t backed by data or experiment, it becomes as useful as a fairy tale for immature children that don’t want to deal with reality.

“Should philosophy guide experiments, or should experiments guide philosophy?”

If we ever do make contact with intelligent alien life, I suspect it’ll be for the worse. It’s a dark thought, but a real one. We crave truth so badly that we forget: some truths might destroy us.

Scholars found that, contrary to the happy wishes of most people, it was not a good idea for the human race as a whole to make contact with extraterrestrials.

Maybe not answering is the best idea.

Ye opened the resulting document, and, for the first time, a human read a message from another world. The content was not what anyone had imagined. It was a warning repeated three times. Do not answer! Do not answer!! Do not answer!!!

The book drives this home — some doors shouldn’t be opened. Even if extraterrestrial life exists, we’re still all we’ve got. So maybe we should focus on ourselves, on this world, this fragile home.

In the end, it’s a story about choosing between roots and wings, and the terrifying costs of reaching too far, too fast.

think it should be precisely the opposite: Let’s turn the kindness we show toward the stars to members of the human race on Earth and build up the trust and understanding between the different peoples and civilizations that make up humanity. But for the universe outside the solar system, we should be ever vigilant, and be ready to attribute the worst of intentions to any Others that might exist in space. For a fragile civilization like ours, this is without a doubt the most responsible path.

Yeah that is what i thought he was getting at. We are all that we got regardless

Now, I do have some issues with the Sophon.

“Project Sophon, to put it simply, aims to transform a proton into a superintelligent computer.”

I think it’s an incredibly creative and clever concept — but it also comes with big narrative problems. It’s the kind of Deus Ex Machina that risks undermining the whole story. If the Trisolarans have tech that allows for omnipresence and omniscience anywhere in the universe, then why not just use it for stealth exploration of new inhabited worlds? They’ve already learned the universe is teeming with intelligence, so why risk being found by bigger fish? Why replace The Great Hunt with another and potentially deadlier great hunt?

More accurately, we can only say that universe contains intelligence or wisdom. Scientists have long predicted this possibility. It would have been odd for such a complex and vast world to not have evolved something akin to intelligence.”

Then it began to deform until it finally lost the shape of an eye and became a perfect circle. When the circle began to slowly rotate, people realized that it was not flat, but parabolic, like a slice cut from a giant sphere. As the military consul stared at the slowly spinning colossal object in space, he suddenly understood and shouted, “Princeps and others, please go into the underground bunker right away.” He pointed upward. “That is—” “A parabolic mirror,” the princeps said calmly. “Direct the space defense forces to destroy it. We will stay right here.”

Holy crap this is insane. There’s sentience everywhere

And here’s the kicker: if sophons can interact at the atomic and molecular level, why not mess with our brain chemistry? Mind control via sophon would’ve been wild — like, you could even have certain strong-willed characters resist the effects. That opens up a whole new layer of conflict and character development.

I get that the Sophon is meant to be a cool sci-fi idea, but it sort of breaks the central theme of information theory. The issue isn’t that it exists — it’s that there aren’t enough clear constraints placed on it. That’s what rubs me the wrong way.

That said, if I just go along with it, I’ve got to admire the audacity of the book’s exploration into higher-dimensional physics. I’m not sure how plausible any of it is — from what I remember, the idea of 11 dimensions mostly comes from String Theory, and that’s still struggling to hold up under experimental scrutiny.

“It depends on the number of dimensions of your observation perspective. From a one-dimensional perspective, it’s only a point—that’s how ordinary people think of the particles. From a two- or three-dimensional perspective, the particle begins to show internal structure. From a four-dimensional perspective, a fundamental particle is an immense world.”

So in the book’s universe, String Theory is taken as truth. And that has major implications — especially in how it deals with the Fermi Paradox. The universe isn’t silent. It’s alive. And not just in our familiar 3D space + time — life might exist in higher-dimensional spaces too. Universes within universes. And they are being destroyed all the time. That’s the existential horror here.

In fact, even in nature, the destruction of universes must be happening at every second—for example, through the decay of neutrons. Also, a high-energy cosmic ray entering the atmosphere may destroy thousands of such miniature universes.… You’re not feeling sentimental because of this, are you?”

This book is incredibly original and full of big, thought-provoking ideas. However, it really falls short when it comes to prose. Not quite as painful to read as Neuromancer was for me, but still a pretty dull experience overall.

At first, I wondered if the translation was to blame—especially since the translator himself mentioned he avoids word-for-word translations to preserve meaning. But after picking up The Paper Menagerie and Other Stories, I seriously doubt that’s the issue. That collection reads beautifully in English, which makes me think the problem lies more in the original writing than in the translation.

Overly literal translations, far from being faithful, actually distort meaning by obscuring sense.

Unfortunately, this is something I’ve noticed a lot in hard sci-fi: brilliant ideas often come wrapped in clunky storytelling. Another thing that didn’t sit right with me was the constant flashbacks. They often interrupt the momentum of the main narrative and break the immersion. The TV series adaptation actually handles this aspect better.

Also, now that I think of it, there’s a strange fixation on sunsets throughout the book. It’s interesting at first—it emphasizes the symbolic contrast between Earth’s stable relationship with the sun and the Trisolarans’ chaotic three-sun system—but it gets repetitive pretty quickly.

The ruddy sun dissolved into the clouds and spread over the sky, illuminating a large patch in magnificent, bloody red. “My sunset,” Ye whispered. “And sunset for humanity.”

This shit again? That’s like the 10th time.

That said, there are some beautiful, funny, even poetic lines sprinkled throughout. Here are a few of my favorites, in no particular order:

Silence. Everyone stared at the pope. “Burn him,” the pope said, gently.

Top notch comedic timing

You must use this existential emptiness to fill yourself.”

Every era puts invisible shackles on those who have lived through it, and I can only dance in my chains.